Which test measures the amount of extraneous material in milk but not dissolved material?

The sediment test specifically measures the amount of extraneous material, such as dirt, residue, or particles that may be found in milk, while not quantifying dissolved materials. This test is essential in assessing the quality and cleanliness of milk, as extraneous materials can compromise the safety and quality of dairy products.

This is done by centrifuging a sample of milk to allow any sediment to settle at the bottom, which is then measured. The amount of sediment visible indicates the level of non-dissolved impurities present. In contrast, tests like the fat test, protein test, and purity test involve measuring specific components or the overall quality of milk without specifically targeting the presence of such extraneous materials in the same way the sediment test does.